Effects of precipitation, irrigation, and exploitation on groundwater geochemical evolution in the people’s victory canal irrigation area, China

Abstract The People's Victory Canal Irrigation Area is a large gravity irrigation area in the middle and lower reaches of Yellow River. Groundwater hydrochemistry controlled by geochemical weathering, precipitation, from River diversion, artificial exploitation. Piper diagram, hierarchical cluster analysis, Gibbs ion proportion coefficient were applied to improve our understanding hydrogeochemical evolution. Our results indicated that groundwater concentration has prominent spatial zonation characteristics study area. components low salinity are mainly result silicate carbonate with major hydrochemical type being HCO 3 ·Cl–Na·Mg –Na·Ca. soil salt content low. main effect precipitation on chemical composition reduction recharge. near canal similar water. ionic high affected dissolution, evaporative rocks. water SO 4 ·Cl–Na·Mg. Expectedly, recharge decreased canal. In addition, exploitation increase change flow field, affecting local chemistry. increases as contrast, decreases. We further discuss these context complex influence diversion irrigation,